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Cipflox (Ciprofloxacin 250mg)
Cipflox general information
What is Cipflox used for?
Cipflox tablets 250mg are an antibiotic medication used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Cipflox tablets 250mg are used to treat pneumonia (community acquired as outpatients), caused by various bacteria, but should not be the antibiotic of first choice for pneumonia caused by Pneumococcus. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also use to treat infections of the skin and soft tissue, such as impetigo and cellulitis; also of the bones and joints, which can be very painful; and infections of the abdominal cavity such as peritonitis. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat infections of the urogenital system, including adnexitis (infection and inflammation of the ovary and the fallopian tubes), prostatitis (infection and inflammation of the prostate), gonorrhoea, infections of the efferent urinary tract like cystitis and pyelonephritis (infection and inflammation of the kidney). Cipflox tablets 250mg are used to treat sepsis, which is a serious and life-threatening condition that occurs as a result of the body’s response to an infection. It is caused by chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection, which can result in damage to tissues and organs. Cipflox tablets 250mg may also be used after inhalation of anthrax spores, as post exposure prophylaxis to reduce risk of pulmonary disease. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa; also complicated urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis due to E.coli in children over the age of 5 years.
How does Cipflox work?
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain the antibiotic ciprofloxacin that belongs to the fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics and is a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria including, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, Enterobacter, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Legionella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Listeria and Chlamydia. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes (bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase) needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection. Cipflox tablets 250mg do not work against viruses which use a different mechanism to grow and replicate.
What does Cipflox contain?
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain the active ingredient ciprofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They also contain microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch, pregelatinised maize starch, crospovidone, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, polydextrose, hypromellose, glycerol triacetate, macrogol.
Treating bacterial infection with Cipflox
Cipflox tablets 250mg contain ciprofloxacin a synthetic broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that used to treat uncomplicated and complicated bacterial infections in adults, caused by a wide range of susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. Infections that Cipflox tablets 250mg are suitable for include, pneumonia; infections of the skin, soft tissue bones and joints; infections of the urogenital system; infections of the abdominal cavity; sepsis and to reduce risk of pulmonary disease following inhalation of anthrax spores. Cipflox tablets 250mg are also used to treat acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis and complicated urinary tract infections in children over the age of 5 years. Ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg works by inhibiting several bacterial enzymes needed for the bacteria to replicate and repair its DNA. This action of ciprofloxacin in Cipflox tablets 250mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and preventing the spread of infection.
What are the side effects of Cipflox?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Cipflox tablets 250mg include diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, headache, altered taste, arthralgia (joint pain). Very rarely taking Cipflox tablets 250mg is associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture with increased risk if you are over the age of 60 years, taking systemic steroids or have received a kidney, heart or lung transplant.
When should Cipflox not be used?
You should not use Cipflox tablets 250mg if you:
- are allergic to ciprofloxacin or any ingredients in Cipflox
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have kidney or liver disease
- history of tendon disease/disorder related to quinolone treatment
- have epilepsy or a history of convulsion
- have a history of stroke, heart attack or heart failure, without discussion with your doctor
- have myasthenia gravis
- are taking medicines that interact with Cipflox, including the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine,, mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antiemetic metoclopramide, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
What medications interact with Cipflox?
Several medications interact with Cipflox tablets 250mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Cipflox or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that cause a serious reaction or increase side effects with Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, anti-arrhythmics like amiodarone, tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptylene, macrolides antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, antipsychotics like olanzapine, theophylline for asthma, some NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine,
- Drugs that affect Cipflox: mineral supplements, sucralfate, omeprazole or antacids for ulcers and reflux, probenecid for gout, the antiemetic metoclopramide
- Drugs that are affected by Cipflox: the muscle relaxant tizanidine for cystic fibrosis, theophylline for asthma, caffeine and methylxanthines (found in some medicines and in drinks such as coffee, tea, cola), phenytoin for seizures, anticoagulants like warfarin, oral antidiabetic medications like glibenclamide, methotrexate for cancer treatment, the antidepressant duloxetine, ropinirole for Parkinson’s disease, clozapine for schizophrenia, sildenafil for erectile dysfunction
How should Cipflox be taken?
You should take your Cipflox tablets 250mg swallowed whole with a glass of water, with or without food. The dose you take and how often, depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendations, which for most infections is usually one tablet twice daily for 7 to 14 days, but the dose or length of time you need to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for may be increased depending on the severity of your infection and your response to treatment. You should not consume dairy products that are high in calcium (milk and yoghurt) or calcium-fortified orange juice, unless they are part of a meal as this may affect the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Avoid direct exposure to excessive sunlight or UV-light as this can cause photosensitisation (sunburn-like skin reactions). You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
How long should you take Cipflox?
You should continue to take your Cipflox tablets 250mg for as long as recommended by your doctor.
Missed dose of Cipflox
If you miss a dose of Cipflox tablets 250mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Cipflox be stored?
You should store your Cipflox tablets 250mg below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Amaryl 2mg (Glimepiride) 30's
Amaryl general information
What is Amaryl used for?
Amaryl tablets 2mg are an antidiabetic medication used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone. Amaryl tablets 2mg should be used in conjunction with diet, exercise and weight loss to lower blood sugar levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus and can be used alone as monotherapy, in conjunction with diet and exercise, or in combination with other antihyperglycaemic medication (lowers blood sugar), like metformin, when a single drug does not result in adequate glycaemic control. However, Amaryl tablets 2mg are not suitable for treatment of type-1 diabetes mellitus or insulin-dependent diabetes. Diabetes increases the risk of serious health complications, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage). Maintaining glycaemic control with Amaryl tablets 2mg reduces the risk of developing these vascular complications.
How does Amaryl work?
Amaryl tablets 2mg contain glimepiride, an oral antihyperglycaemic medication belonging to the sulfonylurea group of drugs. Glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg controls blood glucose (sugar) primarily by acting directly on the beta cells, which are the insulin-producing cells of pancreatic islet tissue, to increase their sensitivity to glucose and to stimulate the cells to produce and release more insulin. Insulin is normally produced in response to food and increased blood glucose levels and it controls postprandial (after eating) blood glucose levels (glycaemic control). In diabetes, resistance to insulin results in loss of glycaemic control. Glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg helps the body to produce sufficient insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels after a meal as well as between meals and is effective for up to 24 hours. It is also thought that as well as acting as an insulin secretagogue (stimulates insulin secretion) glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg also acts on insulin-responsive cells in the liver, muscle and fat cells to increase the number of receptors, which means that insulin control of glucose production by the liver and uptake of insulin into peripheral tissues for energy and storage, is more efficient.
What does Amaryl contain?
Amaryl tablets 2mg contains the active ingredient glimepiride, an oral antihyperglycaemic medication belonging to the sulfonylurea group of drugs, used to treat type-2 diabetes. They also contain, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium starch glycollate, indigo carmine, iron oxide yellow.
Treating type 2 diabetes with Amaryl
Amaryl tablets 2mg contain glimepiride, an oral antihyperglycaemic medication, used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone. Glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg controls blood glucose (sugar) primarily by acting directly on the insulin-producing beta cells of pancreatic islet tissue, to stimulate the cells to produce more insulin. Insulin is normally produced in response to food and increased blood glucose levels, and it controls postprandial (after eating) blood glucose levels (glycaemic control). In diabetes, resistance to insulin results in loss of glycaemic control. Amaryl tablets 2mg help the body to produce sufficient insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels after a meal as well as between meals and is effective for up to 24 hours. It is also thought that as well as stimulating insulin secretion, glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg also acts on insulin-responsive cells in the liver, muscle and fat cells to increase the number of receptors, which means that insulin control of glucose production by the liver and insulin uptake into peripheral tissues for energy and storage, is more efficient. Maintaining glycaemic control with Amaryl tablets 2mg reduces risk of serious health complications associated with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage).
What are the side effects of Amaryl?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Amaryl tablets 2mg include: gastrointestinal complaints like nausea, diarrhoea, constipation and stomach or abdominal pain; allergic skin reactions like, redness (erythema), itching (pruritus), hives (urticaria); dizziness, drowsiness, headache, visual disturbances, confusion, malaise and tremor, which are usually transient and may be signs of hypoglycaemia. A more serious side effect of taking Amaryl tablets 2mg is severe hypoglycaemia (very low blood glucose), as glimepiride continues to work between meals to reduce blood sugar levels, so it is important to eat regularly; also certain other conditions like liver or kidney problems, or taking other medications like beta blockers, can make you more susceptible to hypoglycaemia. Other symptoms of hypoglycaemia include headache, hunger, restlessness, loss of consciousness, which can result in coma.
What is hypoglycaemia (hypo)
Having a hypo is an unpleasant episode experienced by diabetics and refers to extreme hypoglycaemia or very low blood glucose. Glimepiride in Amaryl tablets 2mg continue to work between meals to reduce blood sugar levels and therefore if glucose levels fall too low, by missing a meal or waiting too long between eating, severe hypoglycaemia, which is very low blood glucose, can be the result. Symptoms of hypoglycaemia include headache, hunger, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, sensory disturbances, delirium, loss of consciousness, which can result in shallow respiration, bradycardia (slow heart beat) and coma.
When should Amaryl not be used?
You should not use Amaryl tablets 2mg if you:
- are allergic to glimepiride or any ingredients in Amaryl
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding
- have kidney or liver or thyroid disease
- have type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes or suffer from diabetic coma or diabetic ketoacidosis
- have G6PD deficiency as you may be at risk of haemolytic anaemia
- are malnourished or have adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, as this may increase risk of hypoglycaemia
- are taking medicines that interact with Amaryl, including: the antifungals miconazole and fluconazole, non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) like phenylbutazone, salicylate analgesicis like aspirin, beta-blockers like propranolol for high blood pressure and certain heart conditions, ACE Inhibitors like benezapril for high blood pressure, cimetidine for peptic ulcers, monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression, probenecid for gout, the anticoagulant warfarin, the antibiotic chloramphenicol, sulphonamide antibiotics, corticosteroids for inflammation, bronchodilators like salbutamol, thiazides and other diuretics, thyroid hormones, oestrogens and progestogens for oral contraceptives and HRT, phenytoin for epilepsy, nicotinic acid for high cholesterol, calcium channel blocking drugs like verapamil for angina, isoniazid for tuberculosis
What medications interact with Amaryl?
Several medications interact with Amaryl tablets 2mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Amaryl or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that affect Amaryl tablets 2mg and cause hypoglaemia (low blood sugar) by increasing its glucose-lowering effect: the antifungals miconazole and fluconazole, non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) like phenylbutazone, salicylate analgesics like aspirin, beta-blockers like propranolol for high blood pressure and certain heart conditions, ACE Inhibitors like benezapril for high blood pressure, cimetidine for peptic ulcers, monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression, probenecid for gout, the anticoagulant warfarin, the antibiotic chloramphenicol, sulphonamide antibiotics, bronchodilators like salbutamol
- Drugs that affect Amaryl tablets 2mg and cause hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) by reducing its glucose-lowering effect: Danazol for hormone treatment, the antipsychotic chlorpromazine, corticosteroids for inflammation, bronchodilators like salbutamol, thiazides and other diuretics, thyroid hormones, oestrogens and progestogens for oral contraceptives and HRT, phenytoin for epilepsy, nicotinic acid for high cholesterol, calcium channel blocking drugs like verapamil for angina, isoniazid for tuberculosis
How should Amaryl be taken?
You should take your Amaryl tablets 2mg swallowed whole with a glass of water just before breakfast of if you only have a light breakfast, then take your Amaryl tablets just before your midday meal. It is important that you do not skip a meal while taking Amaryl tablets 2mg. The dose you take depends on how well you respond and your doctor may increase your dose until your blood glucose has reached normal levels and remains controlled. You should continue to take your Amaryl tablets 2mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, as they with help maintain your blood sugar levels but will not cure your diabetes.
How long should you take Amaryl?
You should continue to take your Amaryl tablets 2mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, as they with help maintain your blood sugar levels but will not cure your diabetes.
Missed dose of Amaryl
If you miss a dose of Amaryl tablets 2mg take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Amaryl be stored?
You should store your Amaryl below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Esomac 40 (Esomeprazole 40mg)
Esomac general information
What is Esomac used for?
Esomac tablets 40mg are used to treat conditions caused by gastric reflux, which is when the acidic contents of the stomach flow back into the oesophagus because the sphincter (muscle at the junction of the oesophagus and stomach) that normally acts as a one-way valve and prevents backflow of stomach contents, does not function properly or is damaged. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD), as this condition is known, causes symptoms like heartburn and dyspepsia (indigestion and abdominal pain), and can damage the oesophagus causing inflammation (oesophagitis). Esomac 40 is also used to treat and prevent peptic ulcers in the stomach (gastric ulcers or damage to the stomach lining) and duodenum (duodenal ulcers or damage to the lining of the upper intestine); and gastric ulcers caused by use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID); also as combination therapy to treat gastric ulcers that are caused by infection of the stomach with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, in conjunction with using antibiotics. Esomac 40 is also used to treat symptoms of acid-related dyspepsia that can be caused by eating high fat or acidic foods, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in which increased levels of the hormone gastrin causes an excessive production of gastric acid.
How does Esomac work?
Esomac tablets 40mg contain esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat conditions caused by excess gastric acid, by reducing the amount of gastric acid released into the stomach. Stomach acid is needed for digestion of proteins in your diet and is made by the parietal cells of the stomach wall. Gastric acid production is dependent on the action of the enzyme H+/K+-ATPase, which is the proton pump responsible for pumping positive hydrogen ions out of the cells into the stomach, which increases the acidity of the stomach contents. Esomeprazole in Esomac 40 inhibits the functioning of the H+/K+-ATPase, which prevents acid secretion by blocking the source of acid production. This action of esomeprazole reduces the acidity of the stomach contents, which reduces the acid damage that can be caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and oesophagitis and relieves symptoms caused by excess gastric acid like heartburn and dyspepsia. By inhibiting gastric acid secretion Esomac 40 also help prevent the formation of gastric (stomach) and duodenal (upper intestine) peptic ulcers and also helps ulcers and damage caused by gastric reflux to heal.
What does Esomac contain?
Esomac tablets 40mg contain the active ingredient esomeprazole, which is a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat conditions caused by excess gastric acid secretion.
Treating gastric reflux with Esomac
Esomac tablets 40mg contain esomeprazole, which is used to treat conditions caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Gastric reflux is when the acidic contents of the stomach flow back into the oesophagus because the sphincter (muscle at the junction of the oesophagus and stomach) that normally acts as a one-way valve and prevents backflow of stomach contents, does not function properly or is damaged. Symptoms caused by gastric reflux include heartburn and dyspepsia (indigestion and abdominal pain), and damage to the oesophagus causing inflammation (oesophagitis). Esomeprazole in Esomac tablets 40mg reduces acid secretion by parietal cells of the stomach wall, by blocking the action of the enzyme H+/K+-ATPase, which is responsible for acid production. This action of esomeprazole reduces the acidity of the stomach contents, which reduces the acid damage that can be caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and oesophagitis, relieves symptoms caused by excess gastric acid like heartburn and dyspepsia; as well as helping damaged tissues caused by excess acid to heal.
Esomac for peptic ulcers
Esomac tablets 40mg contain the active ingredient esomeprazole, which is used to treat and prevent prevent peptic ulcers in the stomach (gastric ulcers or damage to the stomach lining) and duodenum (duodenal ulcers or damage to the lining of the upper intestine), caused by excess secretion of gastric acid; and gastric ulcers caused by use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Esomac tablets 40mg are also used as combination therapy to treat and prevent gastric ulcers that are caused by infection of the stomach with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, in conjunction with using antibiotics. Esomeprazole in Esomac tablets 40mg reduces acid secretion by parietal cells of the stomach wall, by blocking the action of the enzyme H+/K+-ATPase, which responsible for acid production. This action of esomeprazole reduces the acidity of the stomach contents, which reduces the acid damage to the stomach wall and allows ulcers that have already developed to heal.
What are the side effects of Esomac?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Esomac include, include: constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, wind (flatulence), headache, dry mouth, skin rash, dizziness, sensation of tingling in the skin (paraesthesia), insomnia.
When should Esomac not be used?
You should not use Esomac 40 if you:
- are allergic to esomeprazole or any ingredients in Esomac
- are taking medicines that interact with Esomac including: the antifungals ketoconazole and itraconazole, the anticoagulant warfarin, phenytoin for epilepsy, the antiretroviral atazanavir, the antibiotic clarithromycin, the immunosuppressive tacrolimus, the sedative diazepam
How should Esomac be taken?
You should take your Esomac tablets 40mg with a glass of water at least one hour before a meal. You should continue to take your Esomac tablets 40mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, usually for a few weeks to 6 months, depending on the condition you are being treated for.
How long should you take Esomac?
You should continue to take your Esomac tablets 40mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, usually for a few weeks to 6 months, depending on the condition you are being treated for.
Missed dose of Esomac
If you miss a dose of Esomac 40 take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Esomac be stored?
You should store your Esomac 40 below 25°C in a cool dry place.
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Glyciphage 500mg (Metformin)
Glyciphage general information
What is Glyciphage used for?
Glyciphage tablets 500mg are an oral diabetes medication that is used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone, which is a particular problem in overweight people. Glyciphage tablets 500mg can be used as first time treatment for newly diagnosed diabetics, or for patients who are not responding to an alternative medication, and can be used either alone or in combination with another oral antihyperglycaemic medication (lowers blood sugar). In some cases Glyciphage is used in conjunction with insulin in type 1 diabetes (also called insulin -dependent diabetes), where insulin alone is not enough to control blood sugar levels.
How does Glyciphage work?
Glyciphage tablets 500mg contain the active ingredient Metformin hydrochloride, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication belonging to the biguanide group of drugs. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 500mg controls blood glucose (sugar) by lowering levels of glucose after a meal (posprandial) as well as keeping levels normal between meals (basal levels), by helping the body respond to insulin without increasing insulin production. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 500mg works using three different mechanisms: decreasing glucose production in the liver, which is normally switched off when blood glucose levels are high enough; increasing sensitivity to insulin in fat and muscle tissue, where excess glucose is removed from the blood and stored; reducing absorption of glucose by the intestines form the diet. Maintaining glycaemic control with Glyciphage tablets 500mg reduces risk of serious health complications associated with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage).
What does Glyciphage contain?
Glyciphage tablets 500mg contain the active ingredient metformin, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Treating type 2 diabetes with Glyciphage
Glyciphage tablets 500mg contain Metformin, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication that is used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone, which is a particular problem in overweight people. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 500mg lowers blood sugar after a meal (posprandial) as well as keeping levels normal between meals (basal levels), by helping the body respond to insulin without increasing insulin production, using three different mechanisms: decreasing glucose production in the liver, which is normally switched off when blood glucose levels are high enough; increasing sensitivity to insulin in fat and muscle tissue, where excess glucose is removed from the blood and stored; reducing absorption of glucose by the intestines form the diet. Maintaining glycaemic control with Glyciphage tablets 500mg reduces risk of serious health complications associated with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage).
What are the side effects of Glyciphage?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Glyciphage tablets 500mg include: gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, which are usually mild and resolve spontaneously during continued treatment; metallic taste in the mouth; and skin rash. A rare and potentially life threatening side effect is lactic acidosis (a build up of lactic acid in the blood) that can occur due to accumulation of metformin, particularly if you are taking high doses of metformin above 2000mg per day, have kidney problems, drink excessive amounts of alcohol, are elderly.
When should Glyciphage not be used?
You should not use Glyciphage if you:
- are allergic to metformin or any other biguanide or any ingredients in Glyciphage tablets 500mg
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding without discussion with your doctor
- have liver or kidney disease
- have a conditions affecting renal function, like dehydration, severe infection or shock
- have diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic precoma
- have acute or chronic disease which may cause tissue hypoxia such as heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, shock, acute significant blood loss, sepsis, gangrene, pancreatitis
- have a history of lactic acidosis
- have a problem with alcohol
- are taking medications that may interact with Glyciphage tablets 500mg including: cimetidine for reflux and ulcers, medications for high blood pressure and heart conditions like nifedipine, beta-blockers, diuretics, other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas and repaglinide, corticosteroids such as prednisone, cortisone, anticoagulants
- undergoing radiological treatment with intravascular iodinated contrast agents which may lead to renal failure, resulting in metformin accumulation and a risk of lactic acidosis
What medications interact with Glyciphage
Several medications interact with Glyciphage and should either not be taken while you are taking Glyciphage or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that interact with Glyciphage to increase side effects: other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas and repaglinide, ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure, corticosteroids such as prednisone, cortisone
- Drugs that affect Glyciphage: cimetidine for reflux and ulcers, medications for high blood pressure and heart conditions like nifedipine, beta-blockers, diuretics , thyroid medicines
- Drugs that are affected by Glyciphage: anticoagulants
How should Glyciphage be taken?
You should take your Glyciphage tablets 500mg with a glass of water and with food. The dose you take and how often should be as recommended by your doctor. The usual starting dose is one tablet once, twice or 3 times daily during or immediately after a meal, to reduce stomach effects. You will have your blood sugar levels monitored and your dose may be adjusted after a few weeks, depending on how well your blood sugar levels are controlled. You should continue to take your Metformin tablets 500mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, which may be for long periods.
How long should you take Glyciphage?
You should continue to take your Glyciphage tablets 500mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, which may be for long periods.
Missed dose of Glyciphage
If you miss a dose of Glyciphage take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Glyciphage be stored?
You should store your Glyciphage tablets 500mg below 25°C in a cool dry place out of direct sunlight.
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Glyciphage 850mg (Metformin)
Glyciphage general information
What is Glyciphage used for?
Glyciphage tablets 850mg are an oral diabetes medication that is used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone, which is a particular problem in overweight people. Glyciphage tablets 500mg can be used as first time treatment for newly diagnosed diabetics, or for patients who are not responding to an alternative medication, and can be used either alone or in combination with another oral antihyperglycaemic medication (lowers blood sugar). In some cases Glyciphage is used in conjunction with insulin in type 1 diabetes (also called insulin -dependent diabetes), where insulin alone is not enough to control blood sugar levels.
How does Glyciphage work?
Glyciphage tablets 850mg contain the active ingredient Metformin hydrochloride, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication belonging to the biguanide group of drugs. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 850mg controls blood glucose (sugar) by lowering levels of glucose after a meal (posprandial) as well as keeping levels normal between meals (basal levels), by helping the body respond to insulin without increasing insulin production. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 850mg works using three different mechanisms: decreasing glucose production in the liver, which is normally switched off when blood glucose levels are high enough; increasing sensitivity to insulin in fat and muscle tissue, where excess glucose is removed from the blood and stored; reducing absorption of glucose by the intestines form the diet. Maintaining glycaemic control with Glyciphage tablets 850mg reduces risk of serious health complications associated with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage).
What does Glyciphage contain?
Glyciphage tablets 850mg contain the active ingredient metformin, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
Treating type 2 diabetes with Glyciphage
Glyciphage tablets 850mg contain Metformin, which is an oral antihyperglycaemic medication that is used to control blood sugar levels in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (also called non insulin-dependent diabetes or maturity onset diabetes) who are unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control (normal blood sugar levels) with diet and exercise alone, which is a particular problem in overweight people. Metformin in Glyciphage tablets 850mg lowers blood sugar after a meal (posprandial) as well as keeping levels normal between meals (basal levels), by helping the body respond to insulin without increasing insulin production, using three different mechanisms: decreasing glucose production in the liver, which is normally switched off when blood glucose levels are high enough; increasing sensitivity to insulin in fat and muscle tissue, where excess glucose is removed from the blood and stored; reducing absorption of glucose by the intestines form the diet. Maintaining glycaemic control with Glyciphage tablets 850mg reduces risk of serious health complications associated with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy (damage to the retina in the eye with loss of vision), diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage) and diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage).
What are the side effects of Glyciphage?
The most commonly reported side effects when taking Glyciphage tablets 850mg include: gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, which are usually mild and resolve spontaneously during continued treatment; metallic taste in the mouth; and skin rash. A rare and potentially life threatening side effect is lactic acidosis (a build up of lactic acid in the blood) that can occur due to accumulation of metformin, particularly if you are taking high doses of metformin above 2000mg per day, have kidney problems, drink excessive amounts of alcohol, are elderly.
When should Glyciphage not be used?
You should not use Glyciphage if you:
- are allergic to metformin or any other biguanide or any ingredients in Glyciphage tablets 850mg
- are pregnant or are breastfeeding without discussion with your doctor
- have liver or kidney disease
- have a conditions affecting renal function, like dehydration, severe infection or shock
- have diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic precoma
- have acute or chronic disease which may cause tissue hypoxia such as heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, shock, acute significant blood loss, sepsis, gangrene, pancreatitis
- have a history of lactic acidosis
- have a problem with alcohol
- are taking medications that may interact with Glyciphage tablets 850mg including: cimetidine for reflux and ulcers, medications for high blood pressure and heart conditions like nifedipine, beta-blockers, diuretics, other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas and repaglinide, corticosteroids such as prednisone, cortisone, anticoagulants
- undergoing radiological treatment with intravascular iodinated contrast agents which may lead to renal failure, resulting in metformin accumulation and a risk of lactic acidosis
What medications interact with Glyciphage
Several medications interact with Glyciphage and should either not be taken while you are taking Glyciphage or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:
- Drugs that interact with Glyciphage to increase side effects: other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas and repaglinide, ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure, corticosteroids such as prednisone, cortisone
- Drugs that affect Glyciphage: cimetidine for reflux and ulcers, medications for high blood pressure and heart conditions like nifedipine, beta-blockers, diuretics , thyroid medicines
- Drugs that are affected by Glyciphage: anticoagulants
How should Glyciphage be taken?
You should take your Glyciphage tablets 850mg with a glass of water and with food. The dose you take and how often should be as recommended by your doctor. The usual starting dose is one tablet once, twice or 3 times daily during or immediately after a meal, to reduce stomach effects. You will have your blood sugar levels monitored and your dose may be adjusted after a few weeks, depending on how well your blood sugar levels are controlled. You should continue to take your Metformin tablets 500mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, which may be for long periods.
How long should you take Glyciphage?
You should continue to take your Glyciphage tablets 850mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, which may be for long periods.
Missed dose of Glyciphage
If you miss a dose of Glyciphage take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.
How should Glyciphage be stored?
You should store your Glyciphage tablets 850mg below 25°C in a cool dry place out of direct sunlight.
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